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Population ageing is one of the most significant trends of the 21st century. Today one in eight people in the world are aged 60 and over. Thailand has responded positively to the ICPD (International Conference on Population and Development) vision for a comprehensive approach to population development, including enabling people to make informed choices about their sexual and reproductive health as a fundamental human rights. The difficulties of balancing family-raising and work commitment experienced by many women underpin the very low fertility Thailand is experiencing. Policies to address this must be sought, so that the desire to raise a family can be realized without compromising other desired aspects of a full life.